ST. KITTS AND NEVIS NATIONAL STANDARD


Road Vehicles – Code of Practice for Inspection and Testing of Motor Vehicles for Roadworthiness


SKNNS xxx:20xx


St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards (SKNBS) La Guerite, Basseterre, St. Kitts

P.O. Box 186

Tel: (869) 467- 1498

Email: sknbs@gov.kn Website: www.sknbs.org


ISBN 978-976-8268-33-4


SKNBS – All rights reserved. No part of this publication is to be reproduced without the prior written consent of SKNBS

SKNNS xxx:20xx


NOTICE


Standards are subjected to periodic review.


The next amendment will be sent without charge if you return the self-addressed label. If we do not receive this label we have no record that you wish to be kept up-to-date. Please note amendments are not exclusive of a revision of the document.


Our address:

St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards (SKNBS)

La Guerite Basseterre St. Kitts

P.O. Box 186

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SKNNS xxx:20xx


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ATTACHMENT PAGE FOR SKNNS AMENDMENT SHEETS


Committee Representation

This St. Kitts and Nevis National Standard was developed under the supervision of the National Technical Committee for Road Vehicles – Code of Practice for Inspection and Testing of Used Motor Vehicles for Roadworthiness. This national standard was modified from the BNS EAA 002:2017 standard. The technical committee comprised the following members:


Members Representing


Mr Frank Gordon (Chairperson) Gordon's


Mr Derval Phipps (Vice Chairperson) AutoDoc Parts and Services


Mr Anthony Fraites ATF Auto Repairs


Mr Carl Claxton Reliable Motors Ltd


Mr Delroy Harris The Royal St. Christopher & Nevis Police Force


Mr Alrick Edwards (Alternate) The Royal St. Christopher & Nevis Police Force


Mr Cromwell Henry (Alternate) The Royal St. Christopher & Nevis Police Force


Mr Desmond Richards S.L Horsford’s Automotive, S.L Horsford’s & Co. Ltd.


Mr Duran Merchant TDC Automotive, TDC Group Ltd


Mr Eric Haynes Inland Revenue Department


Mr Franchette Manners Zone 1 Auto


Mr Jayvon Granderson Hanley's Automotive


Mr Romaine Belgrove Quality and Experience


Mr Stafford Beach Tully’s Auto Repair Clinic Ms Tricia Samuel (Alternate) Tully’s Auto Repair Clinic

Mr Trevor Cornelius Men at Work


Mr Valentine Fraites St. Kitts Public Works Department


Ms Carissa Franks-Benjamin (Technical Secretary) St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards Mr Jermine Mike (Technical Secretary) St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards Ms Judy Edwards (Technical Secretary) St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards


Table of Contents

Committee Representation 1

Foreword 1

  1. Scope 1

  2. Normative References 1

  3. Terms and Definitions 1

  4. Symbols and Abbreviated Terms 3

  5. Inspection for Performance Characteristics 4

    1. Inspection of steering wheel alignment 4

    2. Inspection of braking force 4

    3. Level of noise produced by automobile 4

    4. Exhaust gas from automobile 4

    5. Brightness of headlamps and orientation of main optical axis 5

    6. Horn 6

  6. Inspection for the operational requirements 6

    1. Inspection for engine 6

    2. Exhaust pipe 6

    3. Inspection of cooling system 6

    4. Fuel system 6

    5. Transmission system 6

    6. Suspension system 7

    7. Warning system 7

  7. Inspection of axles, wheels, and tyres 7

    1. Axles 7

    2. Steering system 8

    3. Brake system 8

    4. Tyres 9

    5. Front windshield and all other window glass 11

    6. Lighting devices and reflectors 11

    7. Devices for ensuring vision 11

    8. Warning system Error! Bookmark not defined.

    9. Goods - carrying equipment 12

    10. Frame and vehicle body 11

    11. Coupling device 11

    12. Vehicle appearance 13

    13. Seating arrangement 12

  8. Criteria for conformity 13

  9. License plate 13

Annex A (normative) Wheel alignment testing 13

Annex B (normative) Brake testing 14

Annex C (normative) Exhaust emissions testing 15

Annex D (normative) Head light testing 16

Annex E (normative) Sound level testing 20

Annex F (normative) Radiation measurement test 21

Annex G (normative) Minimum equipment requirements 22

Vehicle Inspection Report 23

Figure D.1 Manual headlight aiming screen 17

Figure D.2 Irradiating range of headlights 18

Figure D.3 Upper and lower limits to mounting position of headlight 19


Foreword

This St. Kitts and Nevis Standard was developed under the authority of the St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards.


This standard is intended to improve the inspection and testing services of inspection sites within the Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis. It was formulated to create a uniformed and comprehensive approach to the inspection system and to address safety concerns related to vehicle roadworthiness. In addition, this standard specifies the requirements for inspecting and testing of all motor vehicles.

In formulating this standard, considerable assistance was derived from the following: The Bahamas National Standard

- BSN EAA002:2017 – Road Vehicles – Code of Practice for Inspection and Testing of Used Motor Vehicles for Roadworthiness


  1. Scope

    This St. Kitts and Nevis National Standard (SKNNS) specifies the safety related performance characteristics of motor vehicles and their inspection and tests for road worthiness.


  2. Normative References

    For the purpose of this standard, the following references shall apply:


  3. Terms and Definitions

    For the purpose of this St. Kitts and Nevis National Standard (SKNNS), the following definitions shall apply:


    3.1

    background radiation

    ionising radiation constantly present in a naturalenvironment of the earth, which is emitted by natural and artificial sources


    3.2

    backlash

    gap within the mechanical parts


    3.3

    braking force

    a measure of force applied to the brakes to slow a vehicle


    3.4

    braking capacity

    ability of the braking system to cause the vehicle to come to a halt


    3.5

    defect

    non-fulfillment of intended usage and requirements


    3.6

    dose

    A measure of the radiation received or absorbed by a target


    3.7

    dose rate

    quantity of radiation absorbed or delivered per unit time


    3.8

    drag

    mechanical force generated by a vehicle’s movement through the air as it accelerates forward


    3.9

    idling

    leaving a vehicle’s engine running when the vehicle is not in motion


    3.10

    inspection

    activities such as measuring, examining one or more characteristics of a product or service and comparing these with specified requirements to determine conformity


    3.11

    irradiation

    process by which something is exposed to radiation


    3.12

    luminous intensity

    the quantity of visible light that is emitted in unit time per unit solid angle


    3.13

    non-conformity

    non-fulfillment of specified requirement


    3.14

    oil sump

    Oil pan, oil tray or oil reservoir


    3.15

    oxidation

    the yellowing, fogginess, or cloudiness of headlights due to UV rays


    3.16

    reload

    measurement of how much a spring is compressed at full extension of the shock


    3.17

    radiation dose rate

    quantity of radiation absorbed or delivered per unit time


    3.18

    reliability

    ability of an item to perform a required function under stated conditions or a stated period


    3.19

    run-out

    wobble or inaccuracy of rotating mechanical systems


    3.20

    specification

    prescribed requirement with which the product or service must conform


    3.21

    toe-in

    The intentional nonparallel orientation of opposite wheels.


    Note to entry Toe-in is measured by subtracting the distance between the front edges of a

    pair of tires from the distance between the rear edges of the same pair of tires. The toe-in dimension is positive when the fronts of the tires are turned toward the center of the car.


    3.22

    torque

    measurement of how much power or force an engine produces


    3.23

    quality

    the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs


  4. Symbols and Abbreviated Terms


    mm Millimeters

    db Decibels

    cm Centimeters

    µsylh Microsieverts per hour

    cd Candela

    CFGS Chlorofluorocarbons

    m, km Meters, Kilometers

    Km/h Kilometers per hour

    CO Carbon Monoxide

    HC Hydrocarbons

    rpm, s Revolutions per minute, seconds

    am Radiation

    lx Luxe

    Pa Pascal

    Ms Particle speed

    Log Logarithm

    PIP Peak input power or peak intensity power

    MPa Mega Pascal

    P0 the lowest audible sound of MPa

    Pa Pascals

    N/m2 Newton per square meter

    atm Atmosphere

    Ft Feet


  5. Inspection for Performance Characteristics

    1. Inspection of steering wheel alignment

      1. The alignment of the steered wheels shall be inspected with a side slip tester machine or any other suitable apparatus. The reading for skidding shall not exceed 5 mm inward or outward for 1 m of travel (see annex A). Wheel alignment shall also be inspected visually in accordance with the following:

        1. the camber shall not exceed the manufacturer's specified limits or

          in case of a semi-trailer, any axle shall not be out of square to longitudinal center - line of the vehicle by more than 10.0 mm/m of length of trailer; and


        2. the front wheels (in the straight-ahead position) and rear wheels shall be in the same vertical plane. Whenrelevant, sidecar wheelshall be parallel to or shall not have slight "toe-in" towards the front wheel (in the straight - ahead position).


    2. Inspection of braking force

      1. The braking force of a vehicle under inspection shall be measured with one inspector therein as an occupant with no passenger or luggage, according to the requirements specified in annex B and the results shall conform to 4.2.1 and 4.2.2.


    3. Braking force of main brake system

      1. The total braking force of the main braking system shall not be less than 50% of the axle weight of the vehicle, and the sum of braking forces on the rear wheels shall not be less than 50% of the axle weight of the subject axle when un laden.

      2. Forthe main braking system, the difference of braking forcesapplied to the right and left wheels shall be 8% or less of the axle weight of the subject axle when unladen.


    4. Braking force of parking brake system

      1. The total sum of the braking force of the parking brake system shall not be less than 20% of the weight of the vehicle as inspected.


    5. Level of noise produced by automobile

      1. The measurement of the noise level of steady running noise shall not be more than 88 dB(A)

      2. To allow for any lack of precision in the measuring equipment the highest sound level reading obtained shall be reduced by 1 dB (A).

      3. The muffler shall be free from corrosion, damage, and cracking, and shall function favorably to muffle sound.


    6. Exhaust gas from automobile

      1. The concentration of, or the level of contamination from exhaust gas shall be determined according to annex C and shall observe the requirements within this section.


    7. Automobiles using gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas as fuel


      1. The concentration of the exhaust gas from an automobile shall be measured when the engine is idling and by inserting the probe of a tester into the exhaust pipe to a depth of approximately 60 cm. If this is not feasible, measures to prevent the ingress of air from outside shall be taken before inserting the probe. The measurements shall not exceed the following reference values:


        1. concentration of carbon monoxide: 4.5% and

        2. concentration of hydrocarbon: 4 - cycle engine: 1,200 ppm


    8. Automobiles using light oil (diesel) as fuel

      1. Excessive smoke or fumes emitted from the automobile shall not be allowed.


    9. Smoke and soot emission

      1. The exhaust pipe shall be securely installed and be free from damage and excessive deformation.

      2. The catalytic muffler shall be securely installed and free from damage.

      3. The blow by gas reducing device shall be securely installed and free from damage.

      4. The emission control device for fuel evaporative gases shall be securely installed and free from damage.

      5. When the vehicle is subjected to radiation dose test as described in annex F, the radiation dose rate shall not exceed 0.3 microsieverts/hour (0.3 µSvlh).


    10. Brightness of headlamps and orientation of main optical axis

      1. The brightness of headlamps and the orientation of their main optical axis shall

        be measured either manually or by using suitable apparatus with the light receiving portion of a tester squarely opposed to the headlamp according to the distance and method of measurement.

      2. The manual measurements shall be done in accordance with test methods specified in annex D.


    11. Luminous intensity

      1. Four-lamp type

        For the main headlamp for driving, the intensity shall be 12 000 cd or above and with a sub headlamp added, the intensity shall be 15 000 cd or above.

      2. Other types

        For the headlamps for driving, the intensity shall be 15 000 cd or above.


    12. Orientation of main optical axis

      1. The main optical axis shall be properly oriented both in the horizontal and vertical directions.


    13. Pre-set Lights & Oxidation

      1. Headlights should be visibly clear, free from defects, physical damage, and oxidation in accordance with 4.5.1 and 4.5.2.


    14. Horn

      1. With the engine of an automobile stopped, the loudness of its alarm unit (horn) shall meet the following requirements. Measurement shall be conducted in accordance with test method specified in annex E, a microphone set in a position 1.0 m above the ground and at 2.0 m from the front of the vehicle:

        1. reference value: within the range 90 dB (A) through 115 dB(A).

        2. the sound of an alarm buzzer shall be continuous and of constant volume.


  1. Inspection for the operational requirements

    1. Inspection for engine

      1. The engine shall be inspected visually while observing the following:

        1. The engine shall start and shall not produce excessive unusual noise or vibration during operation.

        2. No oil leakage or water leakage shall be observed from the main body of the engine.

        3. No cracking shall be observed in the oil sump, and there shall be no excessive oil leaking from gaskets.


    2. Exhaust pipe

      1. No damage or cracking shall be permitted in the intake or exhaust manifold.

      2. No cracking or rubber flaking shall be observed in the exhaust pipe and support bracket.

      3. The muffler and the gaskets of the exhaust pipe shall be free from excessive odor, damage, exhaust leakage, noise, and smoke.


    3. Inspection of cooling system

      1. No coolant leakage shall be observed from the radiator or rubber hoses. Where an air conditioning system is fitted, the refrigerant shall not be chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS).


    4. Fuel system

      1. The fuel system shall have no visible leakage.

      2. The fuel tank shall be firmly mounted and within a safe distance from the engine or separated by a firewall.


    5. Transmission system

      1. Clutch

      2. There shall be no anomalies in the engagement system of the clutch (e.g. slip, incomplete disengagement, judder, and unusual noise) and it shall operate smoothly.


      3. No oil leakage shall be permitted in the clutch system.


      4. A clutch pedal shall be provided with a mechanism to prevent slipping.


      5. For automatic transmission vehicles, the torque converter shall function properly.


    6. Gearbox

      1. The transmission shall be capable of being turned to each shift position with ease in the idling state, and there shall be no excessive play in the shift lever in any shift position.

      2. The gears or bearings in the transmission shall not produce unusual noise, and no oil leakage shall be permitted from oil seals.

      3. For an automatic transmission car, the indicator reading shall be matched with the actual shift position, and its engine shall not be capable of being started in any position other than the (P) position and neutral (N) position.


    7. Propeller shaft

      1. No excessively loose fixing bolt or joint shall be present at the coupling portions in the propeller shaft.

      2. The propeller shaft shall not produce run-out or excessive vibration during driving.


    8. Final drive system

      1. The final drive system shall be free from excessive backlash, unusual noise, and oil leakage.


    9. Axle housing

      1. No cracking, or excessive oil leakage shall be permitted in the axle housing.


    10. Suspension system

      1. No cracking damage, setting, or misalignment shall be permitted in the spring and the clip band. Center bolt or U-bolt shall not be damaged, missing, or loose.


    11. Miscellaneous

      1. No excessive play, oil leakage, or gas leakage shall be present at the mounting portions of the shock absorber.


      2. The torque rod, radius rod, and their brackets shall be free from deformation and damage such as cracking and mounting portions and coupling portions shall not be loose or damaged.


      3. No damaged or loosely mounted upper or lower arm shall be permitted, and the knuckle arm and support arm shall be free from cracking, damage, and bends.


      4. The bellows and piping of an air suspension systemshall be free from damage and no air leakage shall be permitted from air piping.


    12. Warning system

      1. Warning lights

      2. Warning lights shall provide warning on the state of the braking system and shall function favorably and be free from damage.


    13. Inspection of axles, wheels, and tyres

      1. Axles

      2. The axle shall be free from cracking and damage, and the drive shaft shall be free from looseness and backlash.

      3. No nuts or bolts shall be loose or missing in a wheel.

      4. The wheel disks, rims, and side rings shall be free from cracking and damage due to excessive corrosion or deformation, and the disks shall be free from excessive run-out.

      5. Wheel bearings shall be free from excessive backlash, and the drag from the brakes and the preload on bearings shall be correct.


    14. Steering system


      1. Steering wheel


      2. The steering wheel shall be capable of being easily and reliably operated by a driver sitting in the regular position, and the steering wheel shall be mounted without backlash, easy to operate and provided with proper play.


      3. There shall be no backlash in the direction of the axis of the steering shaft.


      4. The effort required to manipulate the steering wheel shall not be excessively different between the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction.


    15. Steering gear box

      1. The gearbox shall be mounted without looseness and be free from excessive oil leakage.

      2. The sector shaft shall be free from backlash.


    16. Steering linkage

      1. The steering linkage shall be free from deformation and damage such as cracking.

      2. No loosely mounted parts, excessive backlash, or defective split pins shall be present in any part of the rod arms.


      3. There shall be no risk of the wheels coming into contact with the frame, fender, brake hose or any other part during steering.


    17. Power steering/Hydraulic Steering


      1. The power steering/hydraulic system shall be free from oil leakage and looseness in its body or connecting portions and shall operate and function properly.


    18. Brake system

      1. Brake pedal


      2. The height, play, and full depression of the brake pedal shall be correct, and the clearance between it and the floorboard shall not be less than 25% of the overall stroke of the pedal. For an air brake, the play of its pedal shall not exceed 20 mm.


      3. The brake pedal shall be free from backlash in the axial direction and shall not produce any unusual noise when depressed.


      4. The brake pedal shall be provided with a mechanism to prevent slipping or rubber pad.


      5. The brake system shall be free from oil leakage and the ingress of air.


    19. Parking brake


      1. The parking brake shall be completely engaged when the brake lever is fully activated.


      2. The pulling margin of the brake lever shall not be more than 70% of its overall stroke.


      3. The ratchet shall not be worn or damaged.


    20. Brake rods and cables

      1. Any visual damage shall not be allowed.


    21. Brake hose and piping


      1. No damagedor loosely installed brake hoses or pipes shall be permitted and there shall be no oil leakage or air leakage from piping or joints.


      2. There shall be no risk of a hose or pipe being brought into contact with any other part and no hose or pipe shall show signs of having been in contact with any other part.


    22. Master cylinder and wheel cylinder


      1. The master cylinder and wheel cylinder shall function properly and shall be free from oil leakage, and no bend or damage shall be present in the push rod.


    23. Backing plate

      1. The backing plate shall be free from deformation and distortion and shall not be cracked especially in proximity to anchor pin installation areas.


    24. Air brake

      1. The hoses and pipes, release valve, and brake chamber shall be free from damage and air leakage.

      2. The brake chamber and rod shall be free from deformation, and no split pins shall be missing.


    25. Braking servo unit

      1. The servo unit shall function properly and there shall be no liquid or air leakage from the unit or pipe joints.


    26. Rotors, brake pads and liners

      1. Rotors should be free from scaring and rust. The brake pads and liners thickness must meet manufactures specification or should not be less than 4mm.


    27. Tyres

      1. The tyres shall be inspected visually in accordance with types and sizes while observing the following:

        1. The tread pattern shall not be excessively worn or damaged.


          The sidewall shall be free from cracking and damage and tread shall not show signs of slipping.

        2. A gage shall be used to measure the tread of the tyre.

        3. Tyres shall be free from excessive wear, the minimum treaddepth


          to be no less than 3mm.

        4. Tyres age of acceptance will be in accordance to inspector recommendations for use.

        5. No Snow tyres shall be permitted.


    28. Front windshield and all other window glass

      1. Front windshield

      2. The windshield shall be made of safety glass and shall be free from any flaws that may limit visibility.


      1. Lighting devices and reflectors

      2. Colour of lighting

      3. The light from headlamps shall be white and the colour of all headlamps shall be identical.


    1. Brake lights

      1. The light from brake lamps shall be red, and the brake lamps shall be automatically turned on when the main brake system is activated.


    2. Number plate lights

      1. The light from license plate lamps shall be white in colour and the license plate lamps shall be so structured that they are not interlocked with the headlamps or position lamps.


    3. Parking lights

      1. The light from parking lamps shall be red in colour and the parking lamps shall be so structured that they are interlocked with the headlamps or auxiliary headlamps.


      1. Reverse lights

      2. The light from back-up lamps shall be white in colour.


    1. Indicating device

      1. Indicator light lamps shall be installed at the front and rear of an automobile, and shall be positioned bilaterally and symmetrically in pairs, respectively.

      2. The light from the indicator lamps shall be orange, and the lights shall flash 60 through 120 times per minute.


    2. Indicator lights

      1. The light from position lamps shall be orange or light yellow and the colour of left and right position lamps shall be identical.


    3. Reflectors

      1. Reflectors used shall be in accordance with requirements specified in The St. Kitts and Nevis.


    4. Function and damage

      1. Lighting devices and reflectors shall function normally and shall be free from damage and/or dirt.


    5. Devices for ensuring vision

      1. Wipers

      2. The windscreen shall be provided with wipers capable of cleaning the wind screen. The wipers shall function normally, and its blades shall be free from damage.


    6. Rear view mirror

      1. The rear-view mirror shall be firmly installed, and its surface shall be free from smudges, distortion, and excessive cracking.


      2. The rear-view mirror shall be so structured that its orientation can be easily adjusted and maintained.


      3. Requirements for rear-view mirror shall apply to other devices used to view the rear of vehicle such as cameras and other sensor devices.


    7. Goods - carrying equipment

      1. Goods - carrying equipment shall be capable of carrying goods safely and reliably.


    8. Frame and vehicle body

          1. Frame


          2. The frame of an automobile shall be sufficiently rigid to withstand driving.


          3. The frame shall be free from cracking, damage, or deformation.


          4. No loose rivets shall be permitted at the joints between a side member and a cross member and no cracking shall be observed in proximity to rivet holes.


    9. Vehicle body

      1. The vehicle body shall be reliably secured on the frame and shall not be loosened by vibration or impact.


      2. The contour and any other shape of the vehicle body shall not contain any sharp projections, protruded rotating parts or any other elements that may interfere with the safe traffic of other vehicles or pedestrians.


      3. Any damage including cracking, corrosion, or distortion in structural areas, such as pillars, sills and the floorboard, which constitute the fundamentals of a vehicle body shall be remedied.


    10. Coupling device

      1. The coupling device shall be rigid and so structuredthat it will provide secure coupling. The coupling device shall not be disconnected due to vibration or impact during driving and shall sufficiently withstand driving.

      2. The coupler of the coupling device shall be installed without looseness and shall function favorably. The pitching shaft, rolling shaft, and bearings shall be free from wear and damage.

      3. The kingpin of the coupling device for trailers, shall be installed without looseness.

      4. The pintle hook and lunette eye installed on trucks, etc., shall be reliably operable and free from damage.


    11. Vehicle appearance

      1. Any serious damage to an outer panel shall be remedied.

      2. Any other damage that may interfere with the safe driving of the vehicle shall not be permitted.

    12. Seating arrangement


      1. For any situation where any vehicle is requested to be altered from factory design, permission must be sought from the licensing authority.


  1. Criteria for conformity

    1. Unless otherwise stated, the following information shall be made available:

    2. Certificate of roadworthiness attesting conformity to the requirements according to clauses 4, 5 and 6 above.


  2. License Plate


    1. License plate shall be visible.


    2. The dimensions of a license plate shall be 5 inches thick, 2 inches wide, 3 inches high. The space between top and bottom shall be ½ inch apart. The space between letters and numbers shall be 1½ inches.


Annex A (normative)

Wheel alignment testing


    1. Purpose

      This annex sets out the assessment of the wheel slip sideways, to be measured while the vehicle is travelling. The unit of scale employed on measuring the slip is generally m/km which is the amount of the wheel slip perpendicular to the direction of travel as the vehicle makes a straight drive for 1 km.


    2. Apparatus

      The tester may be either mechanical or electrical depending on the method by which the amount of movement of the board is detected and transmitted to the indicator. The length of the running board is available in either 500 mm, 800 mm, or 1000 mm.


    3. Procedure

Before performing the test, make sure that there is no dirt on the board and that the boards and the indicator are functioning properly. Then let the vehicle run straight parallel to the center- line of the tester at 4 km/h and read the maximum amount of slip indicated on the scale, before the front wheels completely pass the boards: Make necessary adjustments to the vehicle wheel alignment if the reading is 5 mm or more or even when less than 5 mm or if the figure is different from the value designated from the given vehicle.


Annex B (normative) Brake testing


    1. Purpose

      This annex sets out the assessment of the braking capacity of the vehicle. The widely used testersare roller driven. The rollers rotate with the wheels placedon top of them. The rollers are motor driven supplied in a set of two, one for each wheel. When brakes are applied, a rotation resistance is applied to the roller that creates torque in the direction opposite to the roller rotation.


    2. Apparatus

      There are various types of testing equipment such as the roller gearbox driven type and roller driven worn shaft type.


    3. Procedures

Turn on the motor and let the rollers run idle to checkthat they are smoothly rotating. Make sure the needle indicator is adjusted to zero.

Turn off the motor and move the vehicle to place its wheels on top of and perpendicular to the rollers. Make sure that each of the wheels to be measured are firmly supported by two rollers.

Turn on the motor and let the rollers rotate. Before applying the brakes, check the reading on the indicator and make sure there is no drag of brakes. Then slowly step on the brake pedal. Gradually press down the pedal. The wheels will be eventually locked and the reading on the indicator will become constant.

Read the value indicated immediately prior to the locking of the wheels. This value is usually the maximum braking force.

Measure the braking force of both front and rear wheels.


Annex C (normative)

Exhaust emissions testing


    1. Purpose

      The test is done to measure the volumetric concentrations of CO and HC emissions at idling and not at slightly higher speed and load.


    2. Apparatus

      The apparatus used should be an independent exhaust-gas analyzer unit or part of engine analyzer.


    3. Procedures

Procedures for calibrating and using exhaust gas analyzers vary with the make and model of testers so emphasis shall be put on careful reading of the instructions for the analyser.

Make necessary connections (electrical supply etc.), turn on the analyser, warm the equipment and calibrate the HC and CO meters for zero reading.

Check the system to be sure it is leak free.

To measure the amount of CO, run the engine at fast idle (say 1 500 to 2 000rpm for about 30s), then run the engine at its specified idle speed and read CO on the CO metre.

To measure the HC, run the engine at fast idle (1 500 – 2 000rpm for about 30s), then run the engine at its specified idle speed, then read HC on the HC metre.

For diesel engine, vehicle measurement is done under no load and quickly accelerated, and the percentage of smoke is read from the smoke metre or inspection done visually.


Annex D (normative) Head light testing


    1. Purpose

      This annex sets out test for determining the luminosity and direction of irradiation (am) of the headlamp manually. The luminosity is expressed in candela (cd) and the direction of irradiation is generally indicated by the amount (in cm or mm) which the main optical axis oscillates at a 10 m distance in the front or as specified by the vehicle manufacturer as to agreed standards.


    2. Apparatus

      There are various types of testers according to the methodology and specifications of measurements. The types of headlight testers are classified into types: screen type, projecting type, and automatic tester (i.e. automatic optic axis tracking testing) type.


    3. Procedure

      The arrangement shall be done as shown in figure D.1. The results shown in figures D.2 and D.3, together with the following general guidelines on handling a headlight tester shall also be observed:

      1. air pressure of all the tyres is of standard/specified value;

      2. there is no inclination of vehicle body due to damaged springs;

      3. the tester and the vehicle are precisely facing each other;

      4. the testing floor is flat;

      5. the distance between the tester and the vehicle headlamp is accurate;

      6. the engine is running, and its battery is being charged while testing;

      7. the vehicle should be un-laden with one driver on board.


NOTE Luminosity refers to the brightness of light source and is expressed in candelas (cd) whereas illumination refers to the brightness of the irradiated surface and is expressed in luxe (Ix).



CENTER LINE OF SCREEN

ADJUSTABLE

HORIZONTAL TAPES

PAINTED REFERENCE LINE ON SHOP FLOOR

DIAGRAM OF LIGHT SCREEN

25 FEET

10 m

CAR AXIS

HORIZONTAL CENTER LINE OF LAMPS

ADJUSTABLE VERTICAL TAPES

DISTANCE BETWEEN HEADLAMPS

12 FEET (3.6 m) MINIMUM

Figure D.1 Manual headlight aiming screen



H/5

HORIZONTAL LINE

10 m

PASS RANGE (UP/DOWN DIRECTION)

Figure D.2 Irradiating range of headlights




Figure D.3 Upper and lower limits to mounting position of headlight


VIBRATING OF MAIN LIGHT AIM


VIBRATION OF MAIN LIGHT AIM 10m FORWARD


HEIGHT OF HEADLIGHTS (m)


Annex E (normative)

Sound level testing


    1. Purpose

      This annex sets out assessment of the levels of noises produced by the vehicle and the sound of its horn. The gauge simulates human auditory perception. The audit level is indicated in dB (A) units.

      Also, sound can be expressed in many physical quantities other than dB (A) such as in Pascal (Pa) unit of pressure, sound power (watts), intensity (sound/surface) in watts/meter2 or particle speed (m/s).


      NOTE Sound level dBa 20 x log PIP, where P0 is the lowest audible sound of 20 MPa.


      2 1Paa 1N/m2 1atma 105Pa


    2. Apparatus

      Apparatus uses microphone that converts sound captioned in electricalcurrent and its level is indicated on the indicator in dB(A).


    3. Procedure

Calibrate the indicator before use. Follow specific instructions as to the gauge settings and measurements taking. Note the specific settings for measuring of exhaust noises and sound level of the horn, careful noting placement of a gauge to avoid interference of background noises and reflected sounds. Adjust for such noises where such noises cannot be avoided.


Annex F (normative)

Radiation measurement test


    1. Purpose

      The aim of the test is to measure radiation dose on the surface, interior and on the tyres of motor vehicles when the vehicle is stationary.


    2. Apparatus

      The apparatus or equipment to be used for the measurement should be handheld radiation alert detector such as Geiger Muller (GM) tube, scintillator counter, ionisation chamber, semi- conductor survey meter etc. calibrated to an accuracy of± 10 % of the measure ranging from 0.1µSv/h and stopwatch.


    3. Procedure

The equipment for measuring the dose rate should be placed as close as possible to the surface of the measuring point, though it shall not be in contact with the surface.

The measurement should take place in such a manner that the time of measurement is enough for the equipment to stabilize to indicate the dose rate and that both the maximum and minimum value for the respective point are recoded.

To fully calculate and understand the amount of dose radiation at the given point, measure five to ten times and take an average.


Annex G (normative)

Minimum Equipment Requirements


    1. Purpose

      To ensure standardised and effective inspection equipment and procedures across all facilities. It aims to enhance the accuracy, consistency, and reliability of vehicle inspections, thereby promoting road safety.


    2. Apparatus

      The apparatus or equipment to be used for inspections shall include black boards, lift/hoist, or pit or ramp with tyre jack, tachometer, and tread depth gage.


    3. Requirements


      1. Black boards: 10ft shall be the distance to perform headlights alignment test (lights to wall) and shall be 2-4ft from the ground.


      2. There shall be a lift/hoist, or pit or ramp in conjunction with a tyre jack at each inspection centre/site.


      3. There shall be a tachometer to test brake force.


      4. Inspection centres/sites shall use either a tread depth gauge or equivalent measuring device to measure tread depth. The tread depth shall be 3mm.


VEHICLE INSPECTION REPORT


Vehicle Reg. Mark                Make and Model                Engine Size            

V.I.N


Color         

Yr. of Manufacture              Rec. Miles        

A. INSPECTION ITEM

PASS

FAIL

REASONS FOR FAILURE AND REMARKS

Front Lamps




Rear Lamps




Head Laps




Headlamp Aim




Stop Lamps/ Number Plate




Rear Reflectors




Direction Indicators




SECTION II




Steering Controls




Steering Mechanism




Power Steering




Transmission Shafts/Constant Velocity Joints




Stub Axle Assemblies




Wheel Bearings




Suspension




Shock Absorbers




SECTION III




Service Brake Performance




Parking Brake Performance




Parking Brake Performance




SECTION IV




Rim and Tyre Condition




Spare Condition




SECTION V




Horn




Windscreen Front/Back




Windscreen Wipers




SECTION VI




Exhaust System




Location of Plate





All parameters shall have a passing mark for the vehicle to be considered roadworthy.


YOU ARE ADVISED TO KEEP THIS FORM UNTIL THE VEHICLE IS RE-INSPECTED


End of document



The St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards (SKNBS) is the national standards body tasked with the mandate to develop and adopt standards as outlined in the National Standards and Quality Act of 2021.


The St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards (SKNBS) was officially established on 8th March 1999 under the National Bureau of Standards Act No. 7 of 1999 now the Bureau of Standards and Quality Act No. 19 of 2021. It is an Act to provide for the preparation, promotion, and implementation of standards and standard-related activities about commodities, goods, services, processes, and practices by the establishment and operation of a Bureau of Standards; to define the powers and functions of the Bureau of Standards; to provide transitional provisions, and incidental matters.


In alignment with broader regional and global initiatives, SKNBS developes national standards adhering rigorously to the principles and guidelines established by the CARICOM Regional Organisation for Standards and Quality (CROSQ) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). St. Kitts and Nevis, as esteemed members of these organisations, demonstrate a steadfast commitment to harmonising its standards with widely recognised benchmarks.


SKNBS VISION

To improve safety and quality to foster a culture for continual improvement.


SKNBS MISSION

To deliver the highest quality of service in the areas of metrology, food, water, and environmental testing and monitor compliance to related standards and regulations to foster an improved quality of life for the people of St. Kitts and Nevis.



St. Kitts and Nevis Bureau of Standards (SKNBS) La Guerite, Basseterre, St. Kitts

P.O. Box 186

Tel: (869) 467- 1498

Email: sknbs@gov.kn Website: www.sknbs.org


ISBN 978-976-8268-33-4


SKNBS – All rights reserved. No part of this publication is to be reproduced without the prior written consent of SKNBS